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Deanna Charity

Female 1788 - Abt 1810  (22 years)


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Timeline



 
 
 




   Date  Event(s)
1788 
  • 1788: First steamboat demonstrated in Scotland
  • 1788: Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be a minimum of 8 years old (not enforced)
  • 1788: First slave carrying act, the Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade – stipulates more humane conditions on slave ships
  • 1788: King George III's mental illness occasions the Regency Crisis – Edmund Burke and Charles James Fox attack ministry of William Pitt – trying to obtain full regal powers for the Prince of Wales
  • 1788: Gibbon completes "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire"
  • 26 Jan 1788: First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New South Wales (left Portsmouth 13 May 1787) — the 'First Fleet'; eleven ships commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip
1789 
  • 28 Apr 1789: Mutiny on HMS Bounty – Captain William Bligh and 18 sailors are set adrift and the rebel crew ends up on Pitcairn Island
1790 
  • 1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
1791 
  • 1791: John Bell, printer, abandons the "long s" (the "s" that looks like an "f")
  • 1791: Establishment of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain
  • 4 Dec 1791: First publication of The Observer – world's oldest Sunday newspaper
1792 
  • 1792: Repression in Britain (restrictions on freedom of the press) – Fox gets Libel Act through Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel
  • 1792: Boyle's Street Directory published
  • 1792: Coal-gas lighting invented by William Murdock, an Ayrshire Scot
  • 1 Oct 1792: Introduction of Money Orders in Britain
  • 1 Dec 1792: King's Proclamation drawing out the British militia
1793 
  • 11 Feb 1793: Britain declares war on France (1793-1802)
  • 15 Apr 1793: £5 notes first issued by the Bank of England
1794 
  • 1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties
  • 6 Oct 1794: The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High Treason – he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution to executing the King, the desire for reform endangered the King's life and was therefore treasonous
1795 
  • 1795: The Famine Year
  • 1795: Foundation of the Orange Order
  • 1795: Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's wage to subsistence level – towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and unemployed increased dramatically – price increases during the Napoleonic Wars (1793-1815) far outstripped wage rises – many small farmers were bankrupted by the move towards enclosures and became landless labourers – their wages were often pitifully low
  • 1795: Pitt and Grenville introduce "The Gagging Acts" or "Two Bills" (the Seditious Meetings and Treasonable Practices Bills) – outlawed the mass meeting and the political lecture.
  • 1795: Consumption of lime juice made compulsory in Royal Navy
1796 
  • 1796: Pitt's "Reign of Terror": More treason trials – leading radicals emigrate
  • 1796: Legacy Tax on sums over £20 excluding those to wives, children, parents and grandparents
  • 14 May 1796: Dr Edward Jenner gave first vaccination for smallpox in England
10 1797 
  • 1797: England in Crisis, Bank of England suspends cash payments
  • 1797: Mutinies in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore
  • 1797: Tax on newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publications
  • 1797: The first copper pennies were produced ('cartwheels') by application of steam power to the coining press
  • 22 Feb 1797: French invade Fishguard, Wales; last time UK invaded; all captured 2 days later
  • 26 Feb 1797: First £1 (and £2) notes issued by Bank of England
11 1798 
  • 1798: First planned human experiment with vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner
  • Feb 1798: The Irish Rebellion; 100,000 peasants revolt; approximately 25,000 die – Irish Parliament abolished (Feb-Oct)
  • 1 Aug 1798: Battle of the Nile (won by Nelson)
12 1799 
  • 1799: Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York
  • 1799: Foundation of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
  • 9 Jan 1799: Pitt brings in 10% income tax, as a wartime financial measure
  • 12 Jul 1799: 'Combination Laws' in Britain against political associations and combinations
  • 15 Jul 1799: "Rosetta Stone" discovered in Egypt, made possible the deciphering (in 1822) of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics
13 1800 
  • 1800: Electric light first produced by Sir Humphrey Davy
  • 1800: Use of high pressure steam pioneered by Richard Trevithick (1771-1833)
  • 1800: Royal College of Surgeons founded
  • 1800: Herschel discovers infra-red light
  • 1800: Volta makes first electrical battery
  • 2 Jul 1800: Parliamentary union of Great Britain and Ireland
14 1801 
  • 1801: Grand Union Canal opens in England
  • 1801: Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
  • 1 Jan 1801: Union Jack becomes the official British flag
  • 10 Mar 1801: First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000. Population of Britain nearly 11 million (75% rural)
  • 24 Dec 1801: Richard Trevithick built the first self-propelled passenger carrying road loco
15 1802 
  • 25 Mar 1802: Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands – the "Peace of Amiens," as it was known, brought a temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars – one of its most important cultural effects was that travel and correspondence across the English Channel became possible again
16 1803 
  • 1803: Poaching made a Capital offence in England if capture resisted
  • 1803: Richard Trevithick built another steam carriage and ran it in London as the first self-propelled vehicle in the capital and the first London bus
  • 1803: Semaphore signalling perfected by Admiral Popham
  • 30 Apr 1803: Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon sells French possessions in America to United States
  • 12 May 1803: Peace of Amiens ends – resumption of war with France – The Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5)
  • 23 Jul 1803: First public railway opens (Surrey Iron Railway, 9 miles from Wandsworth to Croydon, horse-drawn)
17 1804 
  • 1804: Matthew Flinders recommends that the newly discovered country, New Holland, be renamed "Australia"
  • 21 Feb 1804: Richard Trevithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway (9.5 miles from Pen-y-Darren to Abercynon in South Wales) – this hauled a train with 10 tons of iron and 70 passengers. It was commemorated by the Royal Mint in 2004 in the form of a £2.00 coin.
  • 3 Mar 1804: John Wedgwood (eldest son of the potter Josiah Wedgwood) founds The Royal Horticultural Society
  • 2 Dec 1804: Napoleon declares himself Emperor of the French
  • 12 Dec 1804: Spain declares war on Britain
18 1805 
  • 1805: London docks opened
  • 21 Oct 1805: Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar
  • 2 Dec 1805: Battle of Austerlitz; Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians
19 1806 
  • 1806: Dartmoor Prison opened (built by French prisoners)
  • 9 Jan 1806: Nelson buried in St Paul's cathedral, London
20 1807 
  • 25 Mar 1807: Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation of slaves from 1808 – but does not prohibit colonial slavery
21 1808 
  • 1808: Gas lighting in London streets
  • 13 Jul 1808: 'Hot Wednesday' – temperature of 101°F in the shade recorded in London
  • 20 Dec 1808: Beethoven premieres his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy together in Vienna
22 1809 
  • 12 Feb 1809: Birth of Charles Darwin
  • 18 Sep 1809: Royal Opera House opens in London
23 1810 
  • 1810: John McAdam begins road construction in England, giving his name to the process of road metalling